Ecology of the Coral Reefs in the Hawaiian Islands
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This is an 8 page paper discussing the ecology of the Hawaiian coral reefs. The Hawaiian Islands stretch for over 2,300 kilometers and also contain what are considered unique coral reefs because they are geologically younger than many other coral reefs, have no barrier reefs among the windward islands, and are also less diverse than many other coral reef ecosystems in the Pacific. Despite this however, the Hawaiian coral reefs ecology, divided into four zones based on the depth and distance from the shore, does have a diverse assortment of corals, plant life, invertebrates and fishes among larger species which live among the reefs. The ecology of the coral reefs in Hawaii is divided up into the reef flat zone (0-2 m from shore) which is most affected by terrestrial run-off and heavy wave impact; the reef bench zone (2-10 m) which has the largest diversity of coral, fish, invertebrate and plant species, the reef slope zone (10-30 m) in which finger coral is the dominant coral species; and the rubble zone (30-40 m) which is primarily coral fragments, rock and sand which provides a habitat for lobe and finger corals as well as sea cucumbers and an assortment of fish. Coral reefs in Hawaii provide a vast amount of revenue for the area at well over $250 million annually in the areas of commercial and recreational fishing and tourism. Like many of the coral reefs around the world however, the coral reefs in Hawaii are being damaged by a combination of natural and manmade events. Industrial, nutrient and fresh-water run-off kills the coral closest to the shore and allows for the spread of coral-killing algae after which recovery of the reef takes a great deal of time. In addition, increase in global water temperatures has led to coral bleaching which in some areas the reefs show little sign of recovery. Includes one page abstract. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: TJHwcor1.rtf

Ecosystems: North and South.
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(5 pp). As we move into a new century we become more aware of how hard we were on the planet in the last one hundred years. This discussion examines the general criteria of an ecosystem, and then illustrates what an ecosystem is be describing one on a north facing slope and one on a south facing slope. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BBecoNS.doc

Electronic Devices & New England Fishermen
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A 6 page research paper on the use of electronic devices by the New England fishing Industry. The writer describes the types of electronic devices, other technologies used, and the effect they have had on the industry and the fish supply in New England. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: Fishinne.wps

Exploration Of The 15th Century And Since 1965: Comparison
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4 pages in length. The writer briefly discusses the explorations of Christopher Columbus and Jacques Cousteau. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: TLCExplora.rtf

Geographic Information Systems / Importance in Coastal & Oceanic Management
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An 8 page overview of GIS and its applications in resource management and research activities. Discusses coastal and open water applications specifically. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: Giscoast.wps

Glaciology:
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This 17 page paper examines the various causes of glaciation. More specifically, possible causes such as astronomical, volcanic, solar constant change, plate tectonics and others are identified and explained in-depth. Bibliography lists 15 sources.
Filename: GSGlacir.rtf

Groundwater Hydrology and Quality
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This 5 page paper relates the nature of groundwater studies, including groundwater hydrology and issues of water quality. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: MHH20Po.rtf

Hurricane Katrina
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This 4 page paper examines an article in Wikipedia that provides current information on the storm that hit New Orleans in August of 2005. Problems created by the storm are relayed. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: SA538Kat.rtf

Hurricanes: A Description of this Climatic Phenomenon and a Guide for Preparedness
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A 5 page outline of the many considerations which surround hurricanes. Hurricanes present one of the most catastrophic of all natural disasters. Their development and maturation offers a fascinating climatologic study, a study which is intensified when one realizes the damage to life and property which can result with their advent. Climatologists are constantly seeking to better the techniques which they can use to sense the development of these storms and to track their path from their point of origin to landfall. Accurately predicting the course of these storms and providing adequate warning to those in the area of their potential swath is critical to saving both lives and property, as is proper personal and regional preparations for these devastating events. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPhurrc2.wps

Hurricanes: Predicting and Preserving
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Study of hurricanes can provide answers for “planning, emergency management, hazard mitigation, insurance applications, and long-term derivative markets” (Jagger, Elsner and Niu 853). One of the most important uses for the study of hurricanes is predicting when and where they will occur. Bibliography lists 4 sources. jvHurric.rtf
Filename: jvHurric.rtf

Hydrothermal Vents in the Ocean Floor
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A 9 page overview of this recently discovered geologic phenomena. This paper provides a description of hydrothermal vents as well as a detailed overview of their geology and the biology which they drive. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPocnVnt.rtf

Hypoxia in the Ocean
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Hypoxia is the serious phenomenon of water bodies suffering depletion in oxygen levels. This 7 page paper explains what hypoxia is, how it occurs including the impact of issues such as water mix, temperature and pollutions with nutrients before looking at the results of hypoxia. The paper is made up of 4 pages of text followed by three pages with PowerPoint slides for a presentation on the subject. The bibliography cites 2 sources.
Filename: TEhypoxia.rtf

Land Formation and the Impact of Running Water
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A discussion of the critical factors in land formation. Defines such terms as erosion, deposition, alluvium, and colluvium and how each translates into land formation. Addresses twelve specific questions regarding the importance of running water in land formation. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPLndFrm.wps

Mangroves
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An 8 page paper which examines species of mangroves and the contribution of mangroves to the environment. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: RAmangv.rtf

Marine Biology's Benefit to Modern Agriculture
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This 3 page report discusses the ways in which knowledge from the field of marine biology has a positive impact on agricultural concerns. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: BWagimar.rtf

Marine Ecosystems
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This 9 page paper discusses marine ecosystems, and particularly the presence of sharks in them. It also touches on overfishing, especially of the shark species, and what this can mean for life everywhere. Bibliography lists 9 sources.
Filename: HVSharks.rtf

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